io.github.cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server

@cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server

Query NOAA SWPC space weather: geomagnetic storm scales, Kp index, aurora forecasts, solar wind, solar activity, and alerts via MCP. STDIO or Streamable HTTP.

6 Tools

Public Hosted Server: https://noaa-spaceweather.caseyjhand.com/mcp

Overview

Space weather from NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) — geomagnetic storm scales, Kp index, aurora forecasts, solar wind, solar activity, and active alerts. Query current conditions, aurora visibility at a coordinate, or windowed plasma and magnetic-field time series from any MCP client. Runs as a stdio process, a local Streamable HTTP server, or the public hosted endpoint above.

Tools

Capability reference

noaa_spaceweather_get_conditions tool

• include_discussion (bool, default false) is the only input; one call composes the noaa-scales.json and noaa-planetary-k-index.json feeds, plus the discussion.txt product when the discussion is requested
• Returns current Kp with its G-scale equivalent and aurora-latitude guidance, today's observed R/S/G levels, yesterday (the previous UTC day's assessed levels, null when the feed carries none), and SWPC's 3-day forecast starting today — forecast R and S carry probabilities rather than levels, and a null level means none was forecast, not level 0
• With include_discussion, the forecaster-written Forecast Discussion split into its topic sections (Solar Activity, Energetic Particle, Solar Wind, Geospace), each with its 24-hour summary and 3-day forecast text

noaa_spaceweather_get_kp_index tool

• window_days (1–7, default 1) bounds the observed series, and observedCount reports how many readings matched; the forecast is always SWPC's full 3-day series of forward-looking estimated/predicted rows
• Each record carries Kp, its G level and label, and aurora-latitude guidance. G levels follow SWPC's minus-third band floors — G1 starts at Kp 4.67 (5−), and only Kp 9 is G5

noaa_spaceweather_get_aurora_forecast tool

• latitude/longitude (WGS84) are optional but required together — one alone fails invalid_coordinates. Without them the call returns global metadata only: grid point count, global peak probability, and peak region
• With coordinates, localLookup carries the nearest 1°-grid probability, the geomagnetic latitude, the minimum Kp and G level needed there, the sun's elevation and darkness state (day, civil_twilight, nautical_twilight, dark) at the forecast time, the strongest reading within 1000 km poleward (horizonMaxPercent, horizonMaxLatitude, horizonDistanceKm), and a go/no-go verdict — not visible in daylight, whatever the model probability
• The OVATION model updates every ~5 minutes and forecasts ~30–60 minutes ahead

noaa_spaceweather_get_solar_wind tool

• window_hours (1–168, default 3) slices a feed that carries roughly the last 24 hours at ~1-minute cadence. resolution sets series detail: reduced (default) caps each series at 200 records, keeping each bucket's fastest speed and most southward Bz; full returns every record (~1,400 per series over 24 hours); summary returns empty series and every headline field, about 2 KB
• Returns oldest-first plasma (speed, density, temperature) and magnetic-field (Bx/By/Bz/Bt GSM) series, each record naming its spacecraft, plus headline fields computed over the full window at every resolution: bzStatus, bzMinInWindow, speedMaxInWindow, densityMaxInWindow, btMaxInWindow, and bzSouthMinutesInWindow
• latestFeedPlasmaTime/latestFeedMagTime/feedStalenessHours distinguish an empty window from a stale feed

noaa_spaceweather_get_solar_activity tool

• flare_hours (1–168, default 24) bounds the flare events returned by onset over the feed's rolling 7 days; include_regions (default true) toggles per-region detail to control response size
• Returns discrete flare events with onset, peak, and decay classes, peak flux, and the NOAA R level (0–5) it implies (decay is null while a flare is in progress; peak fields are null when SWPC recorded no peak); GOES X-ray flux with its flare class (flareClassFull); the daily F10.7 cm radio flux with its observation time; 3-day C/M/X flare and proton-event probabilities (cClassProbability, mClassProbability, xClassProbability, protonEventProbability — the deprecated *1Day names still carry them in structuredContent); and the S level from ≥10 MeV proton flux
• With include_regions, each active region's sunspot area, the C/M/X flare counts SWPC attributed to it on its observation day, and its next-day flare probabilities

noaa_spaceweather_get_alerts tool

• active_only (default true) keeps in-force Warnings/Watches/Alerts, dropping cancelled and superseded products, Summaries, and products whose validity has ended. max_age_hours (1–720, default 48) bounds how far back candidates reach — under active_only a product whose validity end is still ahead survives it; otherwise it is a literal age cutoff
• Each record carries product type, NOAA scale and level (0 means "no scale stated," not zero severity), serial number, parsed validity window, cancelled, and full message text. Under active_only the response also counts what it excluded, by reason, so an empty result reads as "quiet" or "everything was filtered"

Features

Built on @cyanheads/mcp-ts-core: stdio and Streamable HTTP transports, pluggable auth (none / jwt / oauth), swappable storage (in-memory, filesystem, Supabase, Cloudflare KV/R2/D1), structured logging with optional OpenTelemetry tracing.

SWPC-specific:

• All SWPC feeds are public and keyless — no API keys required
• Single SpaceWeatherService wraps every NOAA SWPC feed — the JSON products and the plain-text forecast discussion — behind one fetchWithTimeout + withRetry funnel, so both paths classify an upstream failure the same way — and every retry ladder runs inside one 45-second budget, so a hung upstream still returns the classified error before a 60-second client timeout
• Heterogeneous feed normalization: interleaved multi-spacecraft records (solar wind), keyed objects (storm scales), coordinate triples (OVATION), section-delimited text (forecast discussion)
• NOAA scale interpretation: raw Kp 6 → "G2 moderate storm — aurora possible to ~55° geomagnetic latitude"
• Feed freshness surfaced per-response: solar wind updates ~1 min, aurora ~5 min, Kp 3-hour intervals

Agent-friendly output:

• Observed timestamps on every response so agents can reason about data freshness
• Plain-language summaries and verdicts alongside raw values — agents can display or reason without re-interpreting indices
• Bz component surfaced as a first-class field in solar wind output (southward Bz = primary storm driver)
• Typed error contracts with recovery hints, split on whether retrying can help: a transient feed failure is feed_unavailable → "Retry in 30–60 s"; a feed path SWPC no longer serves is feed_moved → "Retrying will not help", raised on the first attempt

Getting started

Public Hosted Instance

A public instance is available at https://noaa-spaceweather.caseyjhand.com/mcp — no installation required. Point any MCP client at it via Streamable HTTP:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server": {
      "type": "streamable-http",
      "url": "https://noaa-spaceweather.caseyjhand.com/mcp"
    }
  }
}

Self-Hosted / Local

Add the following to your MCP client configuration file.

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "noaa-spaceweather": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "bunx",
      "args": ["@cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server@latest"],
      "env": {
        "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE": "stdio",
        "MCP_LOG_LEVEL": "info"
      }
    }
  }
}

Or with npx (no Bun required):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "noaa-spaceweather": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server@latest"],
      "env": {
        "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE": "stdio",
        "MCP_LOG_LEVEL": "info"
      }
    }
  }
}

Or with Docker:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "noaa-spaceweather": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "docker",
      "args": [
        "run", "-i", "--rm",
        "-e", "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE=stdio",
        "ghcr.io/cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server:latest"
      ]
    }
  }
}

For Streamable HTTP, set the transport and start the server:

MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE=http MCP_HTTP_PORT=3010 bun run start:http
# Server listens at http://localhost:3010/mcp

Prerequisites

• Bun v1.4.0 or higher (or Node.js v24+).
• No API keys required — all SWPC feeds are public.

Installation

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/cyanheads/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server.git

1. Navigate into the directory:

cd noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server

1. Install dependencies:

bun install

1. Configure environment:

cp .env.example .env
# edit .env if needed — all defaults work out of the box

Configuration

No domain-specific API keys are required. See .env.example for the full list of optional overrides.

Running the server

Local development

• Build and run:

  # One-time build
  bun run rebuild
  
  # Run the built server
  bun run start:stdio
  # or
  bun run start:http

• Run checks and tests:

  bun run devcheck   # Lint, format, typecheck, security
  bun run test       # Vitest test suite
  bun run lint:mcp   # Validate MCP definitions against spec

Docker

docker build -t noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server .
docker run --rm -p 3010:3010 noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server

The Dockerfile defaults to HTTP transport, stateless session mode, and logs to /var/log/noaa-spaceweather-mcp-server. OpenTelemetry peer dependencies are installed by default — build with --build-arg OTEL_ENABLED=false to omit them.

Project structure

Development guide

See CLAUDE.md/AGENTS.md for development guidelines and architectural rules. The short version:

• Handlers throw, framework catches — no try/catch in tool logic
• Use ctx.log for request-scoped logging, ctx.state for tenant-scoped storage
• Register new tools via the barrel in src/mcp-server/tools/definitions/index.ts
• Wrap external API calls: validate raw → normalize to domain type → return output schema; never fabricate missing fields

Contributing

Issues are welcome. Run checks and tests before submitting:

bun run devcheck
bun run test

License

Apache-2.0 — see LICENSE for details.